PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA ATAS PENYALAHGUNAAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) DALAM PRODUKSI KONTEN HOAKS DAN DEEPFAKE DI MEDIA SOSIAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34125/jkps.v10i4.1435Keywords:
Pertanggungjawaban pidana, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Konten hoaks, Media sosialAbstract
The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology offers significant opportunities in digital content production, but its improper use for hoaxes and deepfakes on social media platforms leads to adverse effects, such as damaging reputations, spreading false news, and jeopardizing information security. This paper examines criminal liability for AI misuse by considering legal aspects, difficulties in verification, and the effectiveness of regulations in Indonesia, while emphasizing the need for adaptive rules to prevent manipulated content.The main discussion includes the concept of AI as a system capable of independent learning, hoaxes as inaccurate data disseminated, and deepfakes as techniques for altering media to resemble the original. The deepfake case involving President Prabowo illustrates the real dangers. The classification of criminal acts encompasses practices of fraud and defamation. The application of relevant articles in the Indonesian Criminal Code is evaluated, although challenges in proof include technical and legal obstacles. Criminal accountability involves penalties for individuals and corporations. Gaps in legislation urge regulatory changes to align with AI advancements.
References
Afnan, H. A., Wardah Yuspin, & M. Kn. (2022). Perlindungan hukum penyalahgunaan artificial intelligence deepfake pada layanan pinjaman online (Disertasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta).
Amelia, Y. F., Kaimuddin, A., & Ashsyarofi, H. L. (2024). Pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku terhadap korban penyalahgunaan artificial intelligence deepfake menurut hukum positif Indonesia. Dinamika, 30(1), 9675–9691.
Banfatin, P. M., Medan, K. K., & Fallo, D. F. (2025). Pengaturan Hukum Pidana di Indonesia terhadap Penyalahgunaan Teknologi Artificial Intelligence Deepfake dalam melakukan Tindak Pidana Cybercrime. Pemuliaan Keadilan. https://doi.org/10.62383/pk.v2i1.402
Chatterjee, S., & Mohanta, A. (2024). Navigating AI Liability in Criminal Law. 311-334. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-7580-8.ch014
Eurike Hailtik, A. G., & Afifah, W. (2024). Criminal responsibility of artificial intelligence committing deepfake crimes in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities, 2(1), 776–783. https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v2i4.222
Kasita, I. D. (2022). Deepfake pornografi: Tren kekerasan gender berbasis online (KGBO) di era pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Wanita dan Keluarga, 3(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.22146/jwk.5202
Laporan kasus penipuan video deepfake Presiden Prabowo dan Sri Mulyani (2025). Pemberitaan nasional dan klarifikasi aparat kepolisian. https://tribratanews.maluku.polri.go.id/index.php/informasi/berita/baca/dittipidsiber-tangkap-pelaku-deepfake-presiden-prabowo-serta-pejabat-negara-lainnya diakses 2 Desember 2025.
Long, D., & Magerko, B. (2020). Apa itu Literasi AI? Kompetensi dan Pertimbangan Desain. Konferensi tentang Faktor Manusia dalam Sistem Komputasi - Prosiding. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376727
Muslim Nugraha, Amanda Sela Sadina, Viraliza Ramadonna, & Keyssyah Aulia Hidayat. (2025). Analisis Unsur Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum atas Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence dalam Kasus Konten Deepfake. Legal System Journal, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.70656/lsj.v2i1.392
Noerman, C. T., & Ibrahim, A. L. (2024). Kriminalisasi deepfake di Indonesia sebagai bentuk pelindungan negara. Jurnal USM Law Review. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v7i2.8995
Prayoga, H., & Tuasikal, H. (2025). Penyebaran Konten Deepfake Sebagai Tindak Pidana: Analisis Kritis Terhadap Penegakan Hukum dan Perlindungan Publik di Indonesia. Abdurrauf Law and Sharia. https://doi.org/10.70742/arlash.v2i1.194
Putri, N. P. M., Hartono, M. S., & Yudiawan, I. D. G. H. (2024). Analisis Reformulasi Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pengguna Teknologi Deepfake Dalam Tindak Pidana Pencemaran Nama Baik Berbasis Artificial Intelligence. Jurnal Pacta Sunt Servanda. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpss.v5i2.5807
Putri, S. M. I., Salsabila, N., & Hosnah, A. U. (2024). Kriminalisasi Penggunaan Deepfake Dalam Tindak Pidana Penipuan Dan Pencemaran Nama Baik: Tantangan dan Solusi Hukum. Jurnal Hukum Legalita. https://doi.org/10.47637/legalita.v6i2.1453
Pyndho Cevin Taraya, & Aji Wibawa. (2022). Mewujudkan Society 5.0 Melalui Pemanfaatan Teknologi Kecerdasan Buatan. Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi dan Edukasi Teknik, 386–398. https://doi.org/10.17977/um068v2i82022p378-385
Rustanta, A., Dwi Putranto, S., & Huang, P. (2025). Menjaga Ruang Publik Digital: Tantangan Etika Komunikasi dan Regulasi di Era TikTok. Jurnal Komunikasi, 17(1), 63–83. https://doi.org/10.24912/jk.v17i1.32927
Sari, A., & Harwika, D. (2022). Legal Liability of Artificial Intelligence in Perspective of Civil Law in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 5(2), 57-60. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i2.191
Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Tahun 2008 yang mengatur tentang Pornografi, Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 mengenai Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi











