KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PETANI NILAMDI JORONG RIMBO BINUANG NAGARI LINGKUANG AUA TIMUR KECAMATAN PASAMAN KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT (2015-2023)

Abstract

This study analyzes the dynamics of the socio-economic life of patchouli farmers in Jorong Rimbo Binuang, Nagari Lingkuang Aua Timur, Pasaman District, West Pasaman Regency for the period 2015–2023. This research uses a historical method that includes four continuous stages: heuristics through literature study and oral history (interviews), criticism of external and internal sources, data interpretation, and historiography. The results of the study show that the history of patchouli cultivation began with the remains of coffee plantations in the Dutch colonial era since 1963. The development of patchouli farming for the 2015–2018 period includes improvements in cultivation techniques, distillation, and marketing orientation. Meanwhile, the 2019-2023 period was marked by fluctuations in the planting area, production volume, and price dynamics of patchouli oil in the market. The shift of primary livelihoods from growing maize and tapping rubber to patchouli cultivation significantly improved the living standards of the local community. Economically, 90 percent of farmers' income has increased so that family needs can be met properly. Socially, 75 percent of residential areas have been renovated into viable permanent buildings, 65 percent of farmers are able to finance children's education up to the university level, 40% of the population owns a private vehicle, and 80% of the population can afford medical treatment after planting nilam.