KEPEMIMPINAN DIGITAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENGHADAPI TRANSFORMASI PENDIDIKAN KEJURUAN ERA SOCIETY 5.0: STUDI LITERATUR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34125/jkps.v11i3.2655Keywords:
Kepemimpinan Digita, Kepala Sekolah, Pendidikan Kejuruan, Society 5.0Abstract
A school principal's digital leadership is a key factor in the transformation of vocational education. Unlike conventional leadership, digital leadership requires the ability to build a cohesive technology vision and manage a digital ecosystem. This study aims to identify the competencies, impacts, and challenges of digital leadership among vocational high school principals and to formulate a leadership model that aligns with the needs of vocational education in the Society 5.0 era. Methods: This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA protocol. A total of 25 scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 from various reputable databases were analyzed using thematic narrative synthesis. Results: Digital leadership has been shown to support technology integration in learning, pedagogical innovation, teacher collaboration, and school quality improvement. Key competencies include technological vision, data literacy, digital platform management, and change leadership. Major challenges include limited infrastructure, digital competency gaps, and resistance to change. Novelty: This study proposes the SATRIA Model (Strategic, Adaptive, Transformative, Responsive, Inclusive, and Accountable) as a digital leadership framework for vocational high school principals to support the transformation of vocational education in the Society 5.0 era.
References
Agustina, R., Kamdi, W., Hadi, S., Muladi, & Nurhadi, D. (2020). Influence of the principal's digital leadership on the reflective practices of vocational teachers mediated by trust, self-efficacy, and work engagement. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(11), 24–40. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.11.2
AlAjmi, M. K. (2022). The impact of digital leadership on teachers' technology integration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. International Journal of Educational Research, 112, 101928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.101928
Anisa, D. N., & Hidayati, D. (2024). Implementasi kepemimpinan digital pada keterampilan abad 21 life and career skills di SMK. Academy of Education Journal, 14(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.47200/aoej.v14i1.2311
Antonopoulou, H., Matzavinou, P., Giannoukou, I., & Halkiopoulos, C. (2025). Teachers' digital leadership and competencies in primary education: A cross-sectional behavioral study. Education Sciences, 15(2), 215. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15020215
Chairul Anwar, Ahmad Aznem, Lidyawati Tandi Payung, Azainil, & Dwi Nugroho Hidayanto. (2025). Empowering education through digital leadership: The evolving role of school principals. Journal of Educational Management Research, 4(6), 2205–2216. https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v4i6.1243
Connolly, C., O'Brien, E., & O'Ceallaigh, T. J. (2023). Ensuring knowledge sustainability in a digital era: Empowering digital transformation through digital educational leadership. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 31, 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-023-09707-0
Hastutiningsih, A. D., Sugiyono, S., Suyanto, S., & Ashyrnepesov, V. (2024). Evaluation of vocational education management in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Society 5.0 at SMKN 2 Pengasih. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, 30(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.21831/jptk.v30i1.70013
Jameson, J., Rumyantseva, N., Cai, M., Markowski, M., Essex, R., & McNay, I. (2022). A systematic review and framework for digital leadership research maturity in higher education. Computers and Education Open, 3, 100115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2022.100115
Jogezai, N. A., Koroleva, D., & Baloch, F. A. (2023). Teachers' digital competence in the post COVID-19 era: The effects of digital nativeness, and digital leadership capital. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(4), ep466. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13620
Karakose, T., Kocabas, I., Yirci, R., Papadakis, S., Ozdemir, T. Y., & Demirkol, M. (2022). The development and evolution of digital leadership: A bibliometric mapping approach-based study. Sustainability, 14(23), 16171. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316171
Karakose, T., Polat, H., Tülübaş, T., & Demirkol, M. (2024). A review of the conceptual structure and evolution of digital leadership research in education. Education Sciences, 14(11), 1166. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14111166
Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: Explanation and elaboration. PLOS Medicine, 6(7), e1000100. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100
OKunlola, J. O., Naicker, S. R., Adewale, S., Adeoye, M. A., Obied, A., & Valentine, E. (2025). Digital leadership in education: A bibliometric analysis of research trends from 1993 to 2024. F1000Research. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.166667.2
Puspitaningsih, A., et al. (2024). Elevating teachers' professional digital competence: Synergies of principals' instructional e-supervision, technology leadership and digital culture for educational excellence in digital-savvy era. Education Sciences, 14(3), 266. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030266
Ridho, M. R., & Wiyono, B. B. (2024). Digital leadership of school principals to improve the quality of learning in the industrial revolution era 4.0. INSANIA: Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan, 29(1), 17–34. https://doi.org/10.24090/insania.v29i1.9566
Schmitz, M.-L., Antonietti, C., Consoli, T., Cattaneo, A., Gonon, P., & Petko, D. (2023). Transformational leadership for technology integration in schools: Empowering teachers to use technology in a more demanding way. Computers & Education, 204, 104880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104880
Sudrajat, A., & Disman, D. (2021). Preparing vocational education for the era of Society 5.0. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 6(2), 125–135. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.867936
Suriyani, & Aulia, R. (2024). Digital literacy integration model and creative thinking for enhancing vocational student competencies in the Society 5.0 era. JETL (Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning), 9(1). https://doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v10i2.7775
Tran, V., et al. (2024). Digital transformation for era Society 5.0 and resilience: Urgent issues from Indonesia. Societies, 14(12), 266. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14120266
Xu, C., Hania, A., & Waqas, M. (2024). Guiding the digital generation: Role of principals' leadership, ICT competence, and teacher professional competence in fostering digital citizenship among university students. Education and Information Technologies, 30(1), 1165–1189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13180-2
Zeng, M. (2025). The influence of school principals' digital leadership on teachers' competency in integrating artificial intelligence: A systematic thematic review. Frontiers in Education, 9, 1655967. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1655967
Nurfitria, M. A., Widihastuti, W., Kholifah, N., & Maslahah, S. (2021). Readiness of fashion education and training institutions management in facing the industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 11(3), 265–274. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v11i3.44094
Anwar, M. (2021). Analysis of vocational interests and student's perception of work-based on society 5.0 towards learning outcomes. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 7(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.29210/02021845
Administrative Sciences Special Issue. (2025). Digital leadership: A systematic literature review. Administrative Sciences, 15(4), 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15040129
Hartati, S., Satori, D., Nurdin, D., & Herawan, E. (2022). Digital leadership in higher education facing the challenges towards society 5.0. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Research of Educational Administration and Management (ICREAM 2022). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.230101.012
